Door closer it is installed on the door. Its function is when the door is opened, then automatically close the door. Its characteristic is that it can accurately close the door to the initial position. Door closers are widely used in our lives. It is mainly used in commercial and public buildings, but also used in the home. Its biggest function is to keep the door tightly closed in case of fire, thus preventing the spread of fire.
Modern hydraulic automatic door closers (called automatic door closers) began with a patent registered in the United States in the early twentieth century, which differs from traditional door closers by throttling the fluid in the automatic door closer to achieve a cushioning effect. The core of the design idea of hydraulic door closer is to achieve control of the closing process, so that the various functional indicators of the closing process can be adjusted according to human needs.
First、 Automatic door closer working principle
The basic components of the automatic door closer are the support guide, transmission gear, reset spring, check valve, rack and pinion plunger, throttle core and shell, end cap, seal and connecting rod. The shell and the connecting rod play the role of fixing the door closer and connecting the door fan and the door frame.
The working principle of the automatic door closer is: when the door is opened, the door body drives the connecting rod to move and make the transmission gear rotate, driving the rack plunger to move to the right. In the process of the plunger moving right the spring is compressed, and the hydraulic oil in the right chamber is also compressed. The check valve sphere on the left side of the plunger opens under the action of oil pressure, and the hydraulic oil in the right cavity flows into the left cavity through the check valve. When the door opening process is completed, as the spring is compressed during the opening process, the accumulated elastic potential energy is released, the plunger pushed to the left, driving the transmission gear and the door closer connecting rod rotation, so that the door closed.
Second、the door closer of the five types of installation
There are five ways to install the door closer, depending on the door, choose different installation methods.
1、Standard installation.
Door closer body installed on the side of the sliding door, the support arm is installed on the door frame. This installation method is suitable for narrow door frame, there is not enough space to install the door closer. This installation is also suitable for opening the door in the direction of no obstacle door open to a large enough angle, the door closer will not hit the foreign object.
2, the upper door frame installation.
The door closer is installed on the side of the push door, the support arm is installed on the door. This type of installation is suitable for wide door frame, there is enough space to install the door closer. Compared with the standard installation, this installation is suitable for opening the door in the direction of the wall and other obstacles. Compared with the standard installation, this installation has a higher closing force and is suitable for larger and heavier doors.
3、Parallel installation.
The door closer is installed on the side of the pushing door and the parallel plate is installed on the door frame. This installation is suitable for door frame is very narrow, or almost no door frame you according to this way after installation, because there is no protruding linkage and rocker, so more beautiful. Compared with the standard installation, this installation is suitable for opening the door in the direction of the wall and other obstacles.
Compared to the standard installation, parallel installation is suitable for small closing force and obstructions such as walls in the direction of opening the door.
4、Concealed installation.
This installation method for hidden door closers, installation method and slide rail installation the same. According to this way of installation, the door in the closed state without exposed parts, so the most beautiful. This installation method is the most complex, the best need for professionals to install. This installation requires a large gap between the door frame, generally 10MM (or the installation of the upper part of the door to remove the material to increase the gap). The thickness of the door is more than 42MM.
5, slide rail installation.
Compared with the previous ways, it is mainly the equipment on the door, slide rail to the door frame, suitable for use in places with small closing force, and because there is no protruding linkage and rocker, aesthetics is higher.
Third、the door closer classification
First, external door top closers
Externally mounted door closer is equipped with hydraulic buffer oil pump device, which can make the door open and close automatically. Its main feature is that the door closes slowly, and no collision sound after closing, it can be used in schools, hospitals, office buildings and hotels and other doors.
1, external mounted door top closers are not applicable to two-way opening doors.
2, speed adjustment screw to control the door opening and closing speed. Clockwise rotation is slow, counterclockwise rotation is fast.
3, the door closer should be refilled with antifreeze oil after 1 year of use. When refueling, screw out the oil hole, you can refuel, oil full of screws tightened.
4, the rest of the screws and sealing parts should not be screwed at will to prevent oil leakage.
Second, inline door top closers
The inline door top spring is installed in the door fan on the hydraulic buffer spring and installed in the door frame on the slide and slider and linkage rod and so on. Since the inline door top closer is installed in the slot of the door fan and door frame, it does not affect the appearance of the door when it is closed. It is suitable for use on the doors of high-grade hotel rooms.
Third, the bottom of the door spring closers
Door bottom spring or automatic door bow, divided into horizontal and straight two. The door bottom spring consists of two parts: the top and bottom. The upper part is the top shaft and the top shaft sleeve plate, the lower part is the bottom shaft and spring body. Its role is equivalent to the double spring hinge, which can make the door open and close automatically. When the door does not need to close automatically, the door can be opened to 90°. The door bottom spring can be used to spring wooden doors or doors open in both directions.
Fourth, the floor spring closers (floor closers)
Ground spring consists of two major parts. Its upper structure for the top shaft and the top shaft sleeve plate, the lower structure for the rotary shaft rod and base. The floor spring can not only make the door close automatically, run smoothly and without noise, but also adjust the speed of the door closing automatically. When the door opening angle is less than 90 °, doors and windows, can be closed automatically in both directions; when the door opens to 90 °, the door can be fixed, this ground spring because the main structure buried in the ground, can keep the door beautiful, mostly used in the doors of more advanced buildings.